Nobody

於江都藤原清人造之 – At Koto (Edo), Fujiwara Kiyondo made this 慶應二年二月十一日 於千住大(太)々土壇拂 後藤平作 – Keio 2nd year 2nd month 11th day (Feb. 11, 1866), at Senju, cut taitai through to the ground (by) Goto Heisaku

There is no 橘 (Tachibana) in the mei.

That is an honorable certificate from Army Infantry Major Tahara San’nosuke to an infantry Noma Shimakichi for his excellent result in basic shooting.

Ref.

Yesterday, I met my old friend and his wife. His wife is a calligrapher, so I asked her if she could read the characters on the habaki, especially the 5th character which I was still unsure. Though she was not 100 % sure, her guess was 励 (rei/hagemashi). In that case the reading might be 義理公之励賜 – Yoshisato/Yoshitada ko no hagemashi o tamawaru.

First two kanji 柳川 (Yanagawa) is a city name. Ref. Yanagawa, Fukuoka - Wikipedia

This is an old (about 30 years ago) and rather long video. You can see the carving procedures and the blade conditions.

I do not know. But I believe that it was carved long before I was born.

Matsukawa-hada is also a characteristic of Kiyomitsu of Sue-Bizen.

Retouched image

Maybe, 𣆶翠軒 - Bansuiken 𣆶(晩)翠 means evergreen in winter.

兼守 - Kanemori

The first line is "第六八一号 (681st)". The last character on the paper is an informal variant of 号 (go), which is a counter word in this case.

昭和癸未秋 - Showa Mizunoto-Hitsuji aki (Autumn in 1943)

If I take a shot in the dark, the second one might be 備中國住直次 - Bitchu (no) kuni ju Naotsugu.