Jussi Ekholm

The nakago condition is very apparent on the paper.

I think it is possible that some of the information about the sword might have been incorrect. Out of the 48 (if I counted correctly) Jūyō Bunkazai swords by Aoe school only 1 is a mumei katana. It has been attributed towards Moritoshi. You can find current information of the sword in this database (it has most up to date info on all Kokuhō and Bunkazai that I am aware of): https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/6338 The sword is currently listed as being in private collection in Aichi. However in a book from 1977 that I have the sword was at that point in the collection of Rendai Temple.

There are lots of highly designated tachi from Aoe smiths. Here is the Masatsune that was featured in Rays linked story. It is back in the collection of Kumano Hayatama Shrine. It still has the itomaki tachi koshirae too (unfortunately I don't have a picture of that). The Masatsune that Jan linked is another Jūyō Bunkazai that is owned by Tokyo National Museum. Unfortunately I don't think there is currently a public database of pictures that would feature all of the items. I think I should have pictures of all of Kokuhō and somewhere around 90-95% of Bunkazai and Bijutsuhin swords.

Already sold and paid for. I'll update the topic once the buyer has received the books.

Well just before Easter I got another big patch of books from Japan, I am getting more and more specialized in my book collecting. To gather up some funds I'll list this set as I plan to buy some more books in Japan when I get there this summer. (Sorry for picture orientation, I can make it appear anything other than correct position) The books are in good condition as I collect books I take good care of them. Part 1 and Part 2 are from same set with front page text from Afu to previous owner. Part 1 is February 1996 print, Part 2 is October 1997 print. Part 3 was purchased at different time it is January 1994 printing. I've had this set for a long time and paid a lot to get them originally. I think I'll offer them at fair price of 500€ + shipping (I'll calcute it for your country). Shipping shouldn't be too much within Europe but can get expensive internationally. Like usually would prefer bank transfer as payment method but Paypal etc. are possible just that they have more fees.

One problem is that Shigeyuki lineage of Bungo school was quite unknown. I have Bungo Taikan, and I thought I would check signature for the smith but I couldn't find reference for any of the 2 Shintō Shigeyuki smiths listed in the book. I know Markus has 4 Shintō Shigeyuki from Bungo listed in his index. Well here is result of my quick online search. Unfortunately this Fujiwara Shigeyuki signature is not showing well in the pictures but in general style I feel this is quite similar signature: https://www.e-nihontou.co.jp/products/detail/1067 And possibly this might be closest in style with old attribution papers: https://www.nipponto.co.jp/swords7/KT334737.htm These two signatures are quite different from yours and I do believe not the same Fujiwara Shigeyuki as yours. https://www.seiyudo.com/ka-020423.htm https://ikedaart.net/?pid=138492246 Then interestingly there was a Fujiwara Shigeyuki for sale few months ago that had NBTHK papers with Kuni Fumei (Unknown province) - Shintō. https://buyee.jp/item/yahoo/auction/f1082713353

Unfortunately koshirae is not my main focus but ōdachi and tachi are and I am lucky to have gathered great book collection. So I can provide few historical examples. Unfortunately most of the pictures are quite small and I can't figure out the exact pattern of tsukamaki very clearly on many examples that might have tsumami style. Here is an ōdachi from Itsukushima jinja by Suketsugu & Sukeie that is dated to 1346. Koshirae is dated to Nanbokuchō period and here is the tsukamaki description from the book: 上から黒革で菱巻にほどこし Second tsuka is from Ōyamazumi jinja, it is Muromachi period koshirae that is for Late Heian - Early Kamakura period tachi by Aritsuna. Unfortunately only the material is specified on this tsuka: 藍革巻 Third one is again very large ōdachi tsuka (76,0 cm) from Nanbokuchō period. I believe it is connected to the Uesugi family as this is featured in the Treasure swords of Uesugi book. It specifies tsumami-maki on this one: 上に黒革の双つまみ巻をしている Sorry about the pictures again, I don't know what messes them up. I took them phone vertically, they appear on computer vertically after resizing but for some reason they come here horizontally and even upside down...

Unfortunately I think that particular Niō is pretty rough. I would not invest in it and I would look towards other similar but better options. This seems to be priced at 850k yen which to me would be too much for this particular sword. Here for comparison is in my opinion much better quality Niō attributed sword: https://nihontoantiques.com/project/ko-nio-den-katana-fss-899/ There are few Niō attributed swords that approximately date to Middle Kamakura, while the majority would date around late Kamakura - Nanbokuchō. It seems there are currently only 33 mumei Niō swords that have passed Jūyō. Out of those 5 are tachi. Here you can see Tokubetsu Hozon tachi with Niō attribution that passed Jūyō. https://www.seiyudo.com/ka-030514.htm

Thank you for the video, I also watched some of your other videos. Very much appreciated content, please continue making videos

Awesome job Andrew and splendid attribution result.

Very interesting item Ron. Definately worth researching. Unfortunately Mōgusa group is very little known as Kirill said above. There is lot of historical legend but I believe surviving authenticated Mōgusa tachi date from early Kamakura to late Kamakura. There are only a handful of signed items by Mōgusa smiths remaining and unfortunately I haven't found info or item by this smith Nagahisa yet. I think one person who might have info on this school is Wataru Hara, he has great knowledge of old schools. I remember c. 10 years ago when TheJapaneseSword had forums there used to be long thread about Mogusa school where he shared a lot of knowledge. Unfortunately that forum is now long gone, and remembering things like that makes me feel old... He uses Instagram where I reached him some years ago and I believe he might also be on Facebook (as I am not, I can't tell who uses it).

That is nice looking blade Kamil, will be interesting to see what NBTHK judges. To me it would seem more like late Muromachi, and there was Gassan smith Gunshō working around Eishō (1504 - 1521). I only have 1 example by this Eishō era Gunshō but it features somewhat similar shaped nakago. Here is an example of Muromachi signature from Fujishiro. As for the Nanbokuchō period Gunshō information on him is very difficult to find. I am so far only aware of 2 blades by the early Gunshō (軍勝). There is a katana dated 1363 and a tanto that is actually signed Shōgun (勝軍) but is judged as by Gunshō that is dated 1386. Some sources for information in Japanese of this smith are Sano Museum catalog: An Early Style of Japanese Sword, Jūyō Nado Zufu 21, Nihontō Kōza (small bit in English in Afu translations), Few Tōken Bijutsu magazines, in overall it is very difficult to find info on this particular smith. Here are the two authentic Nanbokuchō signed items. I don't understand why it turns the pictures sideways. They are differently on my phone & computer.

Here is a picture of the other one.

I think there are 2 authenticated signed tanto by Niji Kunitoshi. Most famous is Jūyō Bunkazai and Meibutsu Aizen Kunitoshi (and I believe for long time this has been commonly known as the only signed one) but more recently there has been second one that passed Jūyō 61 and Tokubetsu Jūyō 25.

That Sadatsuna is very nice sword, I saw it appear to Nihonto US when it came up at the beginning of the month and liked it a lot.

I believe the signature is - 播磨守藤原輝広作 - Harima no Kami Fujiwara Teruhiro saku

I might be pain in the ass for dealers as I wont buy anything, just search the items :D On a more serious note I have great respect for western dealers that will be featured in below linked items. I met Giuseppe briefly at SAE, he does have top notch items. I have purchased the best item I own from John and he too has amazing items. And Fred has a great reputation and knowledge with special items. Likewise Ginza Choshuya & Iida Koendo are amazing dealers and they were very welcoming on my unexpected visits. There is nothing fundamentally wrong in making a package in my opinion. While I personally would focus in a sword in shirasaya, or if I want koshirae it would be extremely plain one. There is still wow factor with very nice sword combined with very nice koshirae. I dug up some interesting ones to here. A quite nice tanto by Kanemitsu was sold by Iida https://web.archive.org/web/20111009065513/http:/www.iidakoendo.com:80/info/item/a206.htm Then it very recently came up with very nice koshirae at Ginza Choshuya https://ginza.choshuya.co.jp/sale/gj/r5/002/02_kanemitsu.htm Iida had Aoe from Jūyō 29 with koshirae https://web.archive.org/web/20160401180609/http://iidakoendo.com/3281/ Later when it appeared at Aoi Art the koshirae was gone (unfortunately I cant access the page anymore) https://www.aoijapan.com/katana-mumei-aoe29th-nbthk-juyo-paper/ Iida had signed tachi by Morihisa with Koshirae https://web.archive.org/web/20170607200305/http:/iidakoendo.com:80/4632/ Then later date it was at Ginza Choshuya without a koshirae https://ginza.choshuya.co.jp/sale/gj/30h/07/04.htm Shōzando had mumei Iemori with tachi koshirae https://web.archive.org/web/20150417030611/http:/www.shouzando.com/k-iemori150207.html Chigai has the same item without koshirae http://chigaitakanoha.com/touken/cat01_item091.html Samurai Nippon had Shizu from Jūyō 51 in shirasaya (unfortunately I cant access the page anymore) https://www.samurai-nippon.net/SHOP/V-1678.html It came to Eirakudo recently with koshirae https://eirakudo.shop/token/tachikatana/detail/806809 This Kokubunji Sukekuni Jūyō 61 was in Japan in shirasaya https://page.auctions.yahoo.co.jp/jp/auction/p832546074 John had it as a nice package https://nihonto.com.au/product/juyo-token-kokubunji-sukekuni-katana/ Shōbudō had Nagamori from Jūyō 59 in shirasaya https://web.archive.org/web/20151124234919/http:/www.shoubudou.co.jp:80/nagamori100.html Giuseppe had very good Higo koshirae for it https://www.giuseppepiva.com/en/works/soden-bizen-katana Taiseido had this mumei tachi attributed for Nobukuni in shirasaya https://web.archive.org/web/20170211051415/http://taiseido.biz/cn11/cn22/pg561.html When Fred had it listed it had quite nice tachi koshirae with it https://web.archive.org/web/20210621101457/https://nihonto.com/tachi-by-genzaemon-no-jo-nobukuni-源左衛門尉信国-020518/ Eirakudo had Nariie from Jūyō 66 in shirasaya https://eirakudo.shop/token/tachikatana/detail/776407 Samurai Museum now has it with koshirae https://www.samuraimuseum.jp/shop/product/antique-Japanese-sword-katana-attributed-to-osafune-nariie-nbthk-juyo-token-certificate/ And this is an interesting mumei Enju wakizashi First time I saw it at Seiyudo in shirasaya https://web.archive.org/web/20090419155827/http:/seiyudo.com:80/WA-08123.htm Then it popped at Aoi in koshirae https://www.aoijapan.net/wakizashi-mumei-unsignedenju-school-discounted/ Then Shōzando had it in koshirae https://web.archive.org/web/20150426222248/http:/www.shouzando.com/w-enju01.html And when it was at Chigai it has been polished and is in shirasaya http://chigaitakanoha.com/touken/cat02_item073.html All this really means nothing just some fun stuff look at and nice items to view. I just personally love tracking down items, I think it is among the things I most enjoy in this sword hobby. There are some items that seem to switch hands quite often and some that never will...

Well I just saw an item today that I've seen recently pop up for sale. Well as I do browse online sales every week that is not too weird. However I do not necessarily mean to put this dealer at bad light here as it happens quite often but I am just listing this as an example of what is quite common by dealers. Here is a signed Mino Senjuin sword that went for 200k yen at Yahoo JP in January https://buyee.jp/item/yahoo/auction/r1078348459 Here is the same sword offered by a dealer (that I personally consider geared towards western market) with koshirae added on for 1M yen. https://www.samuraimuseum.jp/shop/product/antique-Japanese-sword-katana-signed-by-mino-senjuin-nbthk-hozon-certificate/?currency=JPY Adding koshirae to make a "package" that would be more desirable is not a rare thing. However like always I would advice people approach things with research first. There are even Jūyō swords that have had multiple koshirae over somewhat recent (20 years) history. Unfortunately many Japanese dealers delete the pages after an item is sold, so at this moment I cannot link a Jūyō item that has had koshirae addon with working links now. I know that many collectors seek "the package" as in sword with koshirae that belongs to it. Just posting this that people would be aware that koshirae can often be refitted.

Unfortunately I cannot directly answer to original question aboout construction methods and prices but I will give bit of my own insight for old mumei blades. I think soon I have been tracking swords from Heian to early Muromachi for 10 years. In general some attributions are far more desirable from financial standpoint than others. Even though the sword itself might not change anything during different attributions. In general the sword will need attribution (as high level as possible) from NBTHK to reach full financial potential. While I personally like NTHK their attributions seem to carry quite little financial value in the market. While there are some other very valuable attributions (Tanobe Sayagaki, JuBi etc), they are much rarer than NBTHK papers. In general better swords will get better attributions but there can still be very nice swords with "lower tier" attributions as the sword would be fitting to that attribution, as well as not too impressive items with "very high tier" attributions. Of course while that above comment is based on my personal taste and belief it is easy to provide data how the prices will change when you get down by down in attribution levels. And while not 100% accurate it will give some data. You shouldn't find cheap items with very good attributions, or if you do they will sell extremely fast. I do like and appreciate obscure stuff so I am glad I am not after high quality art swords.

There have been some very good points in posts to this thread. One thing that I will try to make is the amount of items that Japanese experts will have studied closely in hand is far superior to what 99,9% of us have/will be able to. Now as many might know I do have slight obsession with data gathering, and I will take Bizen Nagamitsu as an example here. In my references I have 203 authenticated signatures of Nagamitsu that I can pull up. I have seen signed (and authenticated) Nagamitsu items with my own eyes but I have never really studied even a single mei in person and close with time, so in reality I do not understand Nagamitsu mei well enough to really comment anything valuable. Therefore I would put my trust in NBTHK or other Japanese experts that have seen, studied and researched dozens and dozens of Nagamitsu mei.

Item is now sold. It will be shipped soon and once it has arrived safely I will make a contribution to the board.

Sorry for the slow reply, here are pictures. I only have phone for taking pictures. Sword is currently under negotiation.

Condolences to family and friends.

I believe Sakamoto Ryōma owned at least 5-7 swords. As it was many years ago when friend took me to exhibition of his in Tokyo, so I cannot remember the exact number. This was the exhibition: https://www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp/en/s-exhibition/special/15055/没後150年　坂本龍馬/ He is the only samurai whose several swords I have seen in person. Of course he did live at the end of Edo period and was very influential figure. So very different from earlier average samurai.

Well I'll make a big cut on the price for a limited time. Price will be 5500€ until the end of May. If this doesn't sell by that time then this will be in my collection for a long time. This would mostly finance my trips to Japan in 2024 & 2025, as I currently cannot really afford to buy any items. As I'm cutting so much from the price, I cannot offer free worldwide shipping anymore (as shipping costs can be quite high), and I will need to check it case by case. I will be also at Japan Art Expo in the Netherlands in the beginning of June, if wanting to pick the item up in person.