Kory,
I'll give it a shot at helping you out a bit
The nicks on the spine of the blade are indeed blade strikes called Kiri-Komi. I recall reading somewhere that the NTHK don't count kiri-komi against a blade when they judge it so I don't believe it would detract anything. As for the flaw on the shinogi, it looks like it could be shinae maybe? I'm not sure on that one. The hamon looks like Gunome and Choji mixed together to my eye. Your description of the hada definitely sounds like itame. I'm not too familiar with the different schools, but maybe a more senior member could help you out with that.