FlorianB

Judging by this picture of the backside alone the steel looks very homogeneous. Most probably Owari-style from Edo-Period. Best, Florian

Those kind of tagane could be found sometimes. I agree they have none or only a small effect in altering the nakago ana. Because of this IMHO it is most probably some kind of signature or perhaps refernce marks for a later modification of the nakago ana. Here’s an example out of Kremers’ book “Sukashi Tsuba”. Although the tanghole has been modified already similar tagane could be noticed. Florian

My 50 cents: I would go for Shoami because of the rounded rim (as far as I can guess it) and the kidney shaped openings. There’s a spot on the rim about 8 o’clock, but I can’t decide if it is a tekkotsu or just corrosion. Concerning the large box shaped openings there was a discussion of a similar piece about a year ago: www.militaria.co.za/nmb/topic/32529-cross-shaped-shoami-tsuba/ Much useful information there. Florian

Perhaps something which is called “mu imi sukashi” - a sukashi without meaning or a design, which meaning is lost. Interesting piece, any dimensions? Florian

The motif points to Nishigaki, Kamiyoshi and Akasaka, even Shoami, but I’m puzzeled by the somewhat sunken bars with the structure on them. Unususal for those. But I remember I’ve seen something similar on a Tosa Myochin Tsuba so I vote for this school. Florian

Another small silver one with fence design for a kwaiken.

Forget about my last remark, didn't read correctly Florian

I won't be a nuisance, but I stick to my statement, that - at least on one side - gourds (one of the many symbols meaning luck) are depicted- please compare with this picture: The mentioned roe pattern could hint to a former gilding or silvering. Florian

The KOGATANA blades serve as utilitarian knifes and thus the quality isn’t high in many cases. That’s why far more KOZUKA exist instead of KOGATANA. However there are also well forged KOGATANA with authentic signatures by the smiths who made them as a sideline to use up material. I think You will recognize those in the future with Your eyes trained. KOGATANA and KOZUKA don’t belong together inevitably and could be exchanged. Often the tang is modified to fit into another KOZUKA. Sometimes both are offered together to upgrade the attraction of moderate KOZUKA. Of course I agree with Steve to look for better pieces, it will pay off in the long run. BTW many years ago I started with KOZUKA, too, because I was interested in how the artists handle the extreme format. Florian

Hello Johan, these emblems are called KAMON or just MON and show the KIRI-motif. KIRI were popular and appear frequently. Yours are different in size so I persume there must be another probably smaller one in the space beside the larger one but fell off. The condition of the KOGAI is not the best either. On the right side gourds, on the left side a flag and a SAIHAI, a commanding baton are shown. Best, Florian

An appealling design of a gardening scene on a rainy day. The flower ornament looks like a peony (jp.: botan). Similar forms on an Akasaka-piece: Concerning school and age - IMHO maybe Myochin, middle to late Edo-period. Florian

There are a lot of Sukashi Tsuba showing a rotation of horizotal ornaments by 90 degrees. It’s the idea of the maker, mostly with regard to geometry. The suggestion of owls is intriguing, but my first impression was some kind of fruit, maybe a persimmon. Just another offer . Florian

The thing in the water is definitely a crescent, representing the reflection of the moon on the water. Another eyxample from Varshavsky-Collection: Best, Florian

You will note the ornamentation in the upper part of Mauro's Tsuba (also in some of the other shown tsuba) is similar to the ornament in question. It may be that some temple roof tops could fit to this form but IMHO I doubt a concrete reference to a certain temple. Sometimes an ornament is just an ornament - without a special meaning. But if You need an interpretation I would stick to the initial idea of a flower bud and sprouting leaves. Best, Florian

The lower ornament is a variation of an umpan 雲版 , a temple Gong. Best, Florian